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General plots / Cumulative distribution curve

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How to read it

Cumulative distribution curve

The curve’s height at a value x is the fraction of observations in that group less than or equal to x (the empirical cumulative distribution function F); it rises in steps of 1/n.

Where a curve crosses the reference line (0.5 by default) is that group’s median; a curve lying further right means larger values. Cumulative curves need no bins or bandwidth, which makes them good for comparing several distributions.

The pairwise KS distance D is the largest vertical gap between two curves (0–1), a measure of how different two distributions are. This tool reports D only, without a P value; for a test use a Kolmogorov–Smirnov or Mann–Whitney test, bearing in mind that with large samples tiny differences become significant.

Tick “1 − F” to plot the survival form (fraction above a value); use a log x-axis when values span orders of magnitude.

Method

F(x) = #{observations ≤ x} / n (as statsmodels ECDF); D = sup|F₁ − F₂| (the Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistic, as returned by scipy.stats.ks_2samp).

Data size

Up to 30 groups.

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